StackOverflow has a permissive license on its user-generated content, which has allowed myriad copy-cat sites to post copies of the content and surround it with ads.
I wonder if Kagi could have an option to ignore the copycat sites in its results. The link below shows how to do it in DDG and Google.
https://github.com/quenhus/uBlock-Origin-dev-filter
I see in your FAQ you avoid censorship and "One of the signals that does influence our ranking is the presence of ads or trackers. We penalize bloated sites regardless of their agendas." I think the above filter can help identify these types of sites.